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5. Small Housing site

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Typical site pattern of row house
　On some housing sites, the site is too small to build a house sufficiently large for living within the building coverage regulation.

Density in the inner area:

　The earthquake seriously damaged the inner area. Specifically, the damage was serious in a core area where small and old buildings were densely built and in a mixed residential-industrial-commercial area in the west part where a number of row houses were on alleys sandwiched in a large block. In such areas, there are small housing sites at high density.
　For example, in Midoro of Nada-ku, approximately 70% of the housing sites are small sites with an area less than 100m2. Also in a district around Rokkomichi station of JR, approximately 66% of the housing sites have an area less than 100m2 and 13.5% have an area less than 40m2. In residential use zoning, the building coverage (i.e., the ratio of the first floor area to the area of a housing site) is prescribed to be 60%. Therefore, in a housing site with an area of 50m2, the allowable building footprint is as small as 50 x 0.6 = 30m2.

Difficulty in rebuilding in a small housing site:

　The houses built in such small sites were mostly old wooden houses, and those existing there before the earthquake occupied almost the entire site (namely, the building coverage was approximately 90%). Therefore, when a new house is to be built there, the house cannot be as large as that existing before the earthquake.
　Although the building coverage was substantially 90% before the earthquake, that of the new house should be 60%. When it is assumed that there was a two-storied house in a site of 50m2 before, that house had the building area of 50 m2 x 0.9 x 2 = 90m2. When a three-storied house is to be rebuilt instead of the previous two-storied house, the same area (50 m2 x 0.6 x 3 = 90m2) can be obtained. But each floor is narrowed from 45m2 to 30m2, which makes it difficult to design a residential building.
　Particularly, with regard to row houses existing in the dense urban area, most of them have long and narrow sites with a frontage of approximately 3 through 4 m and a depth of 10 through 12 m. It is generally difficult to rebuild a building in such a long and narrow site.
　Various plans for rebuilding houses on small housing sites have been examined, but a housing site smaller than approximately 〓 m2 is regarded to be unsuitable as a site for a residential building. Therefore, for the rebuilding in the small housing sites, application of a "joint housing project", "cooperative housing project", and "an inner row house system" accompanied by a district planing are possible solutions to the problem. In the north part of Noda of Nagata-ku, a plan for rebuilding housing in approximately 40m2 has been examined on the premise of relaxation of the building coverage to 70% by adopting a district plan and the inner row house system.
    cf. IV. 5 "District Planning"
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