While there are various theories about the origin of Buddhist rosary beads, there is a mention of "linked beads" in the ancient Indian Brahmin scriptures dating to over 3,500 years ago, and this seems to be the most probable origin of the beads in use today.
In addition, followers of Hinduism have the custom of counting the number of times they pray using rosary beads, and it is said that Shakyamuni incorporated this custom into Buddhism and began to use it when reciting sutras.
In Japan, these beads are referred to as both "juzu" and "nenju," a name which in Japanese suggests that they were used as a sort of "counter" when reciting prayers.
Buddhism was later introduced to Japan from overseas (competing theories set the year at 538 or 552), with Buddhist prayer beads entering the culture at around the same time.
Japanese rosaries are made one at a time by hand by artisans, and are noted for their longevity due to their careful assembly.
90% of these beads are produced in Kyoto, which is considered hallowed ground for Buddhism.
Buddhists from around the world thus travel to Kyoto to obtain their own beads.
Starting in 794 and for about 1,000 years, Kyoto acted as Japan's capital.In 1868, political functionality was transferred to Tokyo, but Kyoto's role as a religious capital remained.
Even now, it still occupies a central place in Japanese Buddhism.
Beads produced by artisans in Kyoto have developed into a globally-recognized brand name, being called "Kyoto nenju."
Isuke Nakano is a purveyor of traditional Buddhist prayer beads that has been in business for 240 years in Kyoto, where 90% of these beads are produced nationwide.
Founded in 1764, the company is the oldest of its kind in Kyoto.
Today, Keisuke Nakano, the 10th generation heir to the business, is pursuing a range of new challenges for the company.