Cooperativ house in Noda north area Nagata-ku Kobe
Differently from joint housing, cooperative housing is not premised on sharing a housing site. In a cooperative housing project, individual houses are constructed on respective housing sites, but the houses are constructed through negotiation and adjustment so that the walls of adjacent houses can abut on each other or the design of the houses, such as the height and the construction of the facades, can be matched with one another. In the rebuilding by a cooperative housing project in the afflicted area, "zero lot cooperation" where there is no space between adjacent buildings is adopted. In the zero lot cooperation, the land and the buildings are individually owned and registered as before, but under the Building Standards Act, housing is designed and building confirmation is applied, and the several housing sites are regarded as one housing site for constructing one building. For example, a five-family house of five owner occupants can be rebuilt into one building as a modern five-family house. As a characteristic of a cooperative housing project, housing sites are effectively utilized and construction of a row of houses on a street can proceeded cooperatively and simultaneously. The ownership of the land and the buildings can remain as before. Building in a small housing site can be eased because a frontage can be secured and the use efficiency of the site can be improved by providing no space between the adjacent buildings. There is no specific regulation on a distance between adjacent buildings in the Building Standards Act, but it is regulated that the wall of a building should be away from the boundary by 50 cm or more under the Civil Law. In a district including a large number of small housing sites, rebuilding with cooperative housing projects has been promoted, which is not easy because people don't like to. On the other hand, in Ashiya city where division of a building site is controlled (division into a site of 110 m2 or smaller is prohibited) by the development control, housing of the zero lot cooperation type have been constructed for subdivision through a mini-development project in a large-scale site or in collected small sites. Since such a site is regarded as one building site under the Building Standards Act, the site is not divided under development discussion. However, some dwelling units are individually registered after the subdivision, which leads to substantial fragmentation of the site. To live in high-density city means to live cooperatively, but it is difficult to reach an agreement about cooperative housing as well as joint housing during the earthquake disaster rebuilding.
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